The human development index hdi is a statistical measure composite index developed by the united nations to assess the social and economic development gross national product gross national product gnp is a measure of the value of all goods and services. The 2015 human development report is the latest in the series of global human development reports. Pdf indicators of human development and human rights. This is a list of all countries by human development index as included in a united nations development programmes human development report released on 2 november 2011, put together based on estimates for 2011. Interactive data on strengths, weaknesses, and country comparisons. The latest report was released on 14 december 2015 and compiled on the basis of estimates for 2014. List of countries by inequalityadjusted hdi wikipedia. List of countries by human development index simple english. The human development index in historical perspective. This chart shows the human development indexhdi by country. Human capital report 2015 reports world economic forum. List of countries in asia and oceania by human development. The human development index or simply, hdi is an index that is used to rank countries based on human development.
It is used to distinguish whether the country is a developed, a developing or an underdeveloped country, and also to measure the impact of economic policies on quality of life. Preparation of the south sudan 2015 national human development report has been a collaborative effort between the government of south sudan, undp, and members of south. The human development index commonly abbreviated hdi is a summary of human development around the world and implies whether a country is developed, still developing, or underdeveloped based on factors such as life expectancy, education, literacy, gross. The 2010 human development reportthe real wealth of nations. The united nations development programme undp ranks countries into four tiers of human development by combining measurements of life expectancy, education, and per capita income into the human development index hdi in its annual human development report the hdi is a summary index using life expectancy at birth, expected years of schooling for children and mean years of schooling for. Although it is not possible to have a flawless quantitative measure of human development, the united nations development programme undp has developed a composite index, now known as the human development index hdi. Nations that rank higher on this index have a higher level of education, a higher lifespan, and a higher gross. Afghanistan169 albania 75 algeria 83 andorra 32 angola 150 antigua and barbuda 62 argentina 45 armenia 84 australia 2 austria 24 azerbaijan78 bahamas 58. The global competitiveness report 2015 2016 assesses the competitiveness landscape of 140 economies, providing insight into the drivers of their productivity and prosperity. Human development report 2015 work for human development major progress has been made over the last 25 years with 2 billion people lifted out of low human development levels. The human development index hdi was created to emphasize that expanding human choices should be the ultimate criteria for assessing development results. Human development index overview, dimensions and limitations.
Human development in this sense is an alternative measure of national development that depicts equity and sustainable better future for all. Difference in rankings by gni per capita and by the hdi. Pdf the human development index hdi is a summary measure of human development. December 2015 united nations development programme. Malawi remains one of the poorest countries in the world, with a human development index hdi of 0. A negative value means that the country is better ranked by gni than by the hdi. The rankings were listed by the report titled beyond income, beyond averages, beyond today. The report series remains the most comprehensive assessment of national competitiveness worldwide. The human development index hdi is a statistical tool used to measure a countrys overall achievement in its social and economic dimensions. Are you ready for insta 75 days revision plan upsc prelims 2020. The human development index hdi is a statistic composite index of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. The human development index hdi is defined as the composite statistics used to rank countries by levels of human development. Human development index hdi, change in hdi rank, average annual hdi growth. It begins with the early history of welfare economics and follows this field through three successive.
Continental comparison of human development index hdi. The hdi is a measure of health, education and income. Human development or the human development approach is about expanding the richness of human life, rather than simply the richness of the economy. Archived from the ori ginal pdf on 16 february 2008. Hdi is one of the best tools to keep track of the level of development of a. The top 5 countries also includes switzerland, ireland, china, and germany.
Key to hdi countries and ranks, 2015 human development. Jan 23, 2020 the human development index hdi is a statistic ranking countries around the world by level of human development. Since then reports have been released most years, and have explored different themes through the human development. It is used to rank countries into different groups for example developed and developing countries. Apr 05, 20 the human development index hdi is a composite measure that includes three indicators. The human development index hdi is a composite measure that includes three indicators. A catalogue record for this book is available from the british library and the. Human development index human development reports undp. When robustness tests are applied 2004 human development index ranking, 70% of all possible comparisons between countries would not change under any weights. It is published by united nations development programme.
Explore complete analysis of indicators from the gii 2019. Value of the hdi computed from the life expectancy and education indicators only. The historical index of human development hihd provides a composite measure of development using metrics of life expectancy, literacy, educational enrolment and gross domestic product gdp per capita. The 2015 human development report is the latest in the series of global. In 1990, the united nations offered an alternative and more comprehensive way of measuring human development, the human development index hdi undp 1990. This article recounts the intellectual history of the undps human development index. It is not to be confused with the american human development index. The human development report hdr is an annual report published by the human development report office of the united nations development programme undp the first hdr was launched in 1990 by the pakistani economist mahbub ul haq and indian nobel laureate amartya sen. The chart below shows the comparison of the hihd with and without the inclusion of the gdp per capita metric. Human development index by state in south sudan 47 table 3. As of 2018, human development index in norway was 0.
Hdi human development index 19752005 country rankings. Human development index hdi it is a statistical tool used to measure a countrys overall achievement in its social and economic dimensions. The united nations development programme undp is the united nations global development network. Human development index hdi life expectancy at birth.
Between 1990 and 2014, the number of people living in countries with very high values of human development index more than doubled from 0. The statistics is composed from data on life expectancy, education and percapita gni as an indicator of standard of living collected at the. This is a list of countries by inequalityadjusted human development index ihdi, as published by the undp in its 2019 human development report. The subnational human development database scientific data. It begins with the early history of welfare economics and follows this field through three successive revolutions in thought, culminating in the theory of human development.
Hdr 1990 presented the concept of human development as progress towards greater human wellbeing, and provided countrylevel data for a wide range of wellbeing indicators. Feb 17, 2020 the human development index or simply, hdi is an index that is used to rank countries based on human development. The human development index hdi published yearly since 1990 by the united nations development program undp is perhaps the most popular index. Human development report 2015 human development reports. The human development index hdi is a composite social indicatorwellbeing index. Pdf continental comparison of human development index hdi. It measures the average achievements in a country in these three basic dimensions of human development, calculated into an index. Economic growth is a mean to that process, but is not an end by itself. Issues relating to development and management of social sectorservices relating to health, education, human resources, issues relating to poverty and hunger.
The human development index hdi is a statistic ranking countries around the world by level of human development. The hdi is an alternative to the purely economical gdp, that quantifies economic growth only. This is a list of all the countries by the human development index as included in a united nations development programmes human development report. The hdi is the geometric mean of normalized indices for each of the three dimensions. The methodology behind the rankings is intended to serve as a basis for timeseries analysis that allows countries to track progress, relative to their own performance as well as that of others. A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic dimensions of human developmenta long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. Human development report 2015 sustainable development. Thus it combines measures of life expectancy, school enrol.
The 2015 human development report is the latest in the series of global human development reports published by the united nations development programme undp since 1990 as independent, analytically and empirically. Thus, the hdi provide a way to gauge the development of a country. Human development index of germany increased from 0. A catalogue record for this book is available from the british library and the library of congress. Here i discuss the concept of indexes in general, and use a regression to figure out the formula used to calculate the united nations human development index. The human development index combines multiple stats to provide a more full picture of human development. The latest report was released on 14 december 2015 and. The united nations development programme released the human development index for 189 countries on december 9, 2019. The social and economic dimensions of a country are based on the health of people, their level of education attainment and their standard of living. Human development index simple english wikipedia, the free. List of countries by human development index wikipedia. Human development index is scored using indicators including expectancy, per capita income, and education. A country scores a higher hdi when the lifespan is higher, the education level is higher, and the gross national income gni ppp per capita is. It advocates for change and connects countries to knowledge, experience and resources to help people build a better life for themselves.
A composite index for measuring average achievement in three. Norway is the top country by human development index in the world. All the countries of the region improved their human development index hdi. In 2018, human development index for germany was 0. Work is a major foundation for both the richness of economies and the richness of human lives but has tended to be conceptualized in economic terms rather than in human development terms. Human development report 2015 work for human development from a human development perspective, the notion of work is broader and deeper than that of jobs or employment alone. It is a standard means of measuring wellbeing, especially child welfare. Long run perspective from the historical index of human development. Pathways to human developmentshowed through a detailed new analysis of longterm human development index hdi trends that most developing countries made dramatic yet often underestimated progress in health, education and basic living standards in recent decades, with many of. Every year undp ranks countries based on the hdi report released in their annual report.
Below you will find the last recordings for the indicator. The statistical annex of the 2015 hdr presents the 2014 hdi values and ranks for 188 countries and. This article recounts the intellectual history of the undp s human development index. A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic dimensions of human development a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. The human development index hdi was developed by the united nations as a metric to assess the social and economic development levels of countries. Inequalities in human development in 21 st century. The human development index hdi is an index that measures key dimensions of human development. Human development index hdi of india your article library. It covers 185 member states of the united nations out of 193, along with hong kong of the peoples republic of china, and the palestinian territories.
The united nations human development index hdi rankings for 2014. The 2015 human development report goes beyond that convention in directly linking work to the richness of human lives. The 2015 human development report is the product of the. The motivation behind the production of the hdi was that economic magnitudes alone provided too narrow a basis for assessing human development. The human development index hdi is a composite statistic used to rank some area by level of human development and separate developed very high development, developing high and medium development, and underdeveloped low development areas. Get ready for upsc civil services preliminary exam 2020 with insights insta 75 days revision plan. Since 1990, the united nations development programme undp has published a series of annual human development reports hdrs in which the human development index hdi is computed for each country. It provides expert advice, training and grants support to developing countries, with increasing emphasis on assistance to the least developed countries. The architects of the hdi have decided to add a third dimension a decent standard of living and to measure it by gross national income per capita for most of human history, our ancestors were stuck in a world of poor health, hunger and little access to formal education. The united nations development program undp introduced a new way of measuring development by combining indicators of life expectancy, educational attainment and income into a composite human development index, the hdi. Read the full explanation of the human development index hdi.
Gross national income per capita rank minus human development index rank. Human devel opment tools and r ankings technical note explaining the definition o f t h e h di pdf. Human development index hdi definition investopedia. Human development report 2019 inequalities in human development in the 21st century briefing note for countries on the 2019 human development report nigeria introduction the main premise of the human development approach is that expanding peoples freedoms is both the main aim of, and the principal means for sustainable development. The human development index hdi is a comparative measure of life expectancy, literacy, education and standards of living for countries worldwide. Human development index hdi definition wikiprogress. Global competitiveness report 2015 world economic forum. The human development index hdi is a number from 0 to 1 higher is better used to compare different countries. This includes measures of income, education and health comparing. According to the 2016 report, the ihdi can be interpreted as the level of human development when inequality is accounted for, whereas the human development index itself, from which the ihdi is derived, is an index of potential human development or. Italy from political unification to the present day article pdf available january 2007 with 839 reads how we measure reads.
The figure ranks occupations according to their probability of. The united nations development programme undp ranks countries into four tiers of human. List of countries by human development index simple. Sep 14, 2015 this animation looks at different ways to measure poverty and human wellbeing with a special focus on the human development index. Continental comparison of human development index hdi international journal of humanities social sciences and educatio n ijhsse page 11 failure, respectively, of that field kpolovie, 2011. Apr 10, 2019 the human development index commonly abbreviated hdi is a summary of human development around the world and implies whether a country is developed, still developing, or underdeveloped based on factors such as life expectancy, education, literacy, gross domestic product per capita.
The components of human development are defined by nations online 2016, 29 thus. The human development index hdi is a statistic composite index of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank. It was unveiled in the recently released human development report 2015 by the united nations development programme undp. Human development index country ranking 2018 statista. It was created in 1990 with the goal of shifting the focus towards human wellbeing rather than popular incomecentric measures like gdp per capita. Human rights, human development, post 2015 development agenda.
Such concerns resulted in searching for alternative measures of human welfare development. Dec 15, 2015 india has been placed at th position in the 2015 human development index hdi among the 188 countries. The human capital index provides country rankings that allow for effective comparisons across regions and income groups. The human development index hdi is a summary measure of achievements in key dimensions of human development. Briefing note for countries on the 2015 human development report. It shows that income poverty only tells part of the story.